Combination ceiling and floor construction.



w. M. THOMAS. COMBINATION CEILING AND FLOOR CONSTRUCIION. APPLICATION FILED MAY 25. IBIO- RENEWED IAN. 3.1918. l

Patented oct. 1, 191s.

3, SHEETS-SHEET I.

f 55 J5 6 z5 W. Ni. THOMAS.

COMBNATON CEILING AND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION.

APPucATmN min [uM/25,1910. RENEwEn JAN. 3.1918.

L, *n Patented 00u19@ 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W. IVI. THOMAS.

COMBINATION CEILING AND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED MAI/25,1910. RENEWED JAN. 3.19m.

9&56, I Patented om. 1, 1918;

` 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

narran sierras @naranja ornion WILLIAM ivi. THOMAS, or Los ANGELES, cALiFonNiA, Assisivon or ONE-HALF To 'WILLIAM S. POST, 0F LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

COMBINATION CEILING AND FLOOR CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patenten oct. 1,1918.

Application led May 25, 1910, Serial No. 563,406. Renewed Januaryk, 1918,. p Serial No. 210,2?90.'

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM M. THOMAS,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of` California, have invented a new and useful Combination Ceiling and Floor. Construction, of whichthe following is a specification.

\ 'reinforced This invention relates to a ceiling and floor construction for concrete buildings, and the main object of the invention is to eliminate, as far as possible, the centering which is found necessary in construction of concrete floor systems. At present floors are built with wooden boxes or troughs brought up to their proper positions and supported by false work consisting of posts, studs or columns, this false work b e' ing one of the main expenses encountered in the construction of any reinforced concrete worlnf The present invention provides 'for' the construction of the floor and` ceiling` members in convenientrplocation oth'ersthanl asolid arch when thestructure is finished,

andwhich is convenient andeconomi'cal in 'A Construction.,

Other objects of the inventionwill appear hereinafter; o

Inaccordance with the present invention,

floor slabs and arcl`i"beams will be inadeat suitable platforms or molding yards located. as ynear as-possible to the buildingto be-erected, and will be- 'transported tothe building by suitable means. They are then set on a frame work whichm'ay be either the steel structure of a steel yframe building, or a temporary structure for a reinforced cone crete uilding. The'complete panel of the arch beam slabs is set on top of the ceiling slabs, vthe arch beams resting on skewbacks provided for them on the ceiling slabs, said arch beam forming a mold for concretng concrete the arch beams form an elastic arch or dome, and the false work, if any, maybe removed.

The accompanying drawings illustratey the invention, and referring thereto Figure 1 is a transvcrsejsection of a portion of the floor (and ceiling .showing an elastic arch construction for the floorjbeams..

Fig. 6. is a section transverse to Fig. 1

showing the vfpanels made in a plurality of sections. p l

Fig, 7 isa ti'ansverse'section of a form of the invention provided with means for masking the joint between the ceiling slabs.

Fig. 8 is afperspective showing the manner lof building up the structure'in a steelgframe construction. A

Fig. `Y9 is a. detailed perspective showing means for tying the ceiling slabs to theA steel frame. y

Fig. 10 is av perspective of the tie means.

n Fig.'11 is a perspectiveof a portion ofy the Hoor 'construction and the false work thereforshowing Ithe manner` in which the ceiling slabs and floor arches are supported temporarily in position to serve as mold means -for thefreception of the cement to- 'form the`girders or beams.

'1 Fig.; 12 is a sectional-view showing the manner o'f reinforcing the ceiling lslabs and tying vthe same to the beams.

-Referring Vto Fig. 1, the ceiling slab indicated at 1 is provided with a longitudinal metal reinforcing 2 projecting as at 3 to extend into`the beams or girders ybetween the slabs and said ceiling slab is provided at each end with an up-turned hinged seat 4 having upwardly and outwardly'inclined faces 4 to serve as a support for the correspondingly inclined ends of the'arch beam 5. The end portions of said arch beam are inclined out wardly and kdownwardly to rest on said seat and to form between adjacent yarch beams an upwardly flaring space for formation of the T beam or girder. Each of the arch beams 5 is provided with a flat topped central portion 'and with reinforcing means 6 extending therethrough, said reinforcing means projecting as shown at'7 for interlocking with the T beam or girder 8. The arch beams 5 at each end of each .panel may be coved as shown to rest laterally on .the side seats 14 as shown in Fig. 6.

In place of the arch beam 5, arch sections 13 may be provided as shown in Fig. 2, said sections forming, when placed together, a`

three-hin earch structure similar in shape to the arc beam 5 above l,described and having, in addition to the reinforcing means 6 auxiliary reinforcing means 16 consisting of wires extending from the upper portion of each arch section 15 obliquely downward and outward into the space to be occupied by the girder or beam 8. Fig. 3 shows a construction suitable for use in connection with steel'framing and reinforced concrete flooring and ceiling, the metal I-beams 13 serving to support the ceiling slabs 11 directly, said slabs having shoulders orrabbets 19 resting on the lower flanges of said I-beams and being formed with seats 14 to receive the arch beams 25 which are shown as provided with auxiliary reinforcing means 26 extending `obliquely in the lower portion thereof in addition to the reinforcing means 6 in theupper portions of said arch beams. In such application of the 1n# vention tie means yare provided for holding the ceiling slabs 11 iny position on thelbeams, said tie means consisting of rods 21 formed with hooks 22 (see Fig. 10), adapt-Y ed to engage the further flange of the I- beam, said tie rod extending under the I- beam and through an enlarged end portion 23 of the ceiling slab and being provided with a bearing plate v29 and nut 30, said nut screwing on said tie rod to draw the said ianges which 'may vided by the use of three-hinge arch sections' p shown at 35 in Fig. 4, said sections restin -tinuous ceiling, seats 34 bein at their outer ends against the seats 14 an against the concrete girder means 33 surrounding the I-beams 13 and abutting one another at their inner ends. In the form ofy the invention shown in Fig. 5 the ceiling slabs 31 abut at their ends to form a conp provided a short distance from each en said seats having inclined' faces 84 serving es seats vfor the elastic arch 37 which is of similar construction to that shown in Fig. 1.- Re-A supported onl theI-beams of a steel frame structure as in Fig. 3. In all the above described forms of the invention the cement or concrete is run into thev space between the ends of the iioor slabs to form the girders or concrete beams, or in a case where steel framing is used, form the concrete reproon for the beams, and said concrete is extende over the top of the floor arches or beams to form the permanent floor surface indicated at 18 in each of the figures.

The structure is built u 'as follows, in case, for example of a stee frame building with' reinforced concrete licor and ceiling, no .false work is required in this case, the ceiling slabs l being placed with their end portions .restin directly on the lower flanges of the I- earns 13, as shown in Fig. 8, and the arch sections 15 are placed in position with their end portions resting on the seats 14 of said ceiling slabs. Reinforcing rods or members 2 and 6 of the slabs 1 and arch members 'l5 extend into the space alongsideof the I-beams 13 so that when the concrete is poured into the said space the said members 1 and 15 will be interlocked with the concretev beams surrounding the I-beams.

In case it is found necessary to take up any.

tension developed'by the thrust of the arch beams the tie means 21 above described are used, tying each ceiling slab 11 to the I-beam at each side. When the parts have thus been assembled as shown in Fig. 8, cement or concrete is frun into the spaces between the Hoor slabs and einbeds the -beams 13, formin armor or fire-proofing for said I-beams and being extended over the arch sections, 15 to form the Hoor 18.

In the construction of a' reinforced concrete l i'11 ilding false work will be provided comprlsing, for example, posts 38 and temporary girders or beams 39, said girders extending directly under the position of the permanent girders and being slightly wider than the permanent girders which are to be formed of reinforced concrete. The ceiling slabs 1 are placed with their ends rest-A inge,` on the temporary girders 39 and the arch. beanrl sections 15vare placed on the seats 4 of said ceiling slabs, the ends of said arch beam sections abutting, and the reinforcing means proJecting from the ceiling beam sections 1 and from the arch slabs 15 into the space between the slabs and between the arch beam sections and over the temporary forms the permanent reinforcing concrete l girders and the door, said floor extending '.over the arch beam sections 15 as shown at 18, and the concrete girder and ioor construction thus formed being tied or interlocked with the arch slabs and ceiling beam sections by the projecting reinforcing means 3 and 7. When the concrete has been run into place as above described and has become hardened, the three-hinge arch beam sections 15 above described become substantially the same as the elastic arch construction, having the same effect as regards the compressive strains brought upon the floor and presenting certain advantages in easy manipulation and of assemblage, and the sectionsbeing tied to the girder by the reinforced extensions 3 and 7 forming substantially a cantaliver structure supporting the arch on each side. In each of the above described constructions the ceiling slabs are reinforced with wire cloth, expanded metal, steel rods or other suitable form of reinforcing in such manner as to provide tension members of considerable tensile strength to take the tension strain produced by the thrust of the arch members, such a thrust being applied through the seats 4 at the respective ends of the ceiling members.

, What l claim is 1. A ceiling and `floor construction comprising preformed ceiling slabs and floor arches, the ceiling slabs having upwardly sloping end faces against which the ends of the floor arches abut, whereby a rm support is afforded, the ends of the ceiling slabs and floor arches of adjacent spans belng spaced apart, and concrete beams' molded in thc spaces between the slabs and arches and a concrete door integral with said beams and extending over said arches.

2. A ceiling and floor construction comslabs having upwardly sloping end prising preformed ceiling slabs and iloor arches, the ceiling slabs having upwardly sloping ,end faces against which the'ends of the door arches abut, whereby a firm support is afforded and the spring of the arch received by'said yabutments, the ends ofthe ceiling slabs and floor arches of` adjacent spans being spaced apart, reinforcing members in the ceiling slabs projecting into the spaces, and concrete beams molded in said spaces and around said reinforcing members.

3. A ceiling and flpor construction comprising ceiling slabs and floor arches which are preformed, there being a separate ceiling slab unit for each lioor arch, the ceiling faces against which the ends of the floor arches abut, whereby a firm support is afforded and the spring of the-arch received by said abutments, the ends of the ceiling slabs and floor arches of adjacent spans being spaced apart,

.ll-beams located in said spaces and supportj ing the ceiling slabs by their lower flanges, and concrete floor beams moldedv into the spaces between the ceiling slabs and arches and varound said I-beams.

4. A ceiling and floor construction comprising ceilin slabs and floor arches which are preforme there being a separate ceiling slab unit for each floor arch, the ceiling slabs having upwardly `sloping end faces against which the ends of the floor arches abut whereby a firm support is afforded and the spring of the-arch received by said abutments, the ends of the ceiling slabs andlioor arches of adjacent spans being spaced apart, I-beams located in said spaces and supporting the ceiling slabs by their lower flanges', said licor arc es being spaced at their-'ends 4 from the I-beams so as to be insertible between the upper fianges of the I-beams and concrete floor beams molded into the spaces between the ceiling slabs and arches and around said l-beams.

ln testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California, this 18th day of May 1910.

wrLLiAM M. TnoMns.

ln presence of ARTHUR P. KNIGHT,

ISABEL HALL. 

